Actived Carbon Filter to Remove Contaminants and Impurities
In the process of filtering water, activated carbon is often used to remove contaminants and impurities. Carbon is probably the most absorbent material known to man, and it is uniquely efficient because of thousands of tiny pores that can absorb. For example, a pound of activated carbon provides 125 acres of filtering surface area. The carbon is positively charged to attract negatively charged impurities such as chlorine, chemicals and volatile organic compounds.
Most carbon water filters are either made with granular activated carbon (GAC), or powdered block carbon material. Those with carbon block are the most effective, since there is a larger ratio of activated carbon surface area to water, and also because the powdered block form is denser and water travels through it more slowly. The larger surface area created by the block carbon, and the more time the water is in contact with the carbon, the more contaminants are removed.
Activate carbon water filters are rated by the size of contaminants they remove. These range from around 50 microns down to .5 microns. The smaller the measurement the more effective the filter. A number of different substances are used to make the carbon for these filters, such as bituminous, wood and coconut shell. Of these, coconut shell is the most expensive, but has been found to also be the most effective. It has the ability to remove even the smallest particles of contaminant.
Mechancial filter
Multi-media filter to make one or several filter media makes water of high turbidity flow through agranular or non-granular material of a certain thickness under a certain pressure, thereby effectively removing suspended impurities in the water and clarifying the water. The commonly used filter materials including quartz sand, anthracite and manganese sand, etc. they are mainly used for turbidity removal of water treatment, water softening and pretreatment of pure water in preceding stages and the outflow turbidity can be below 3 NTU. The filter is mainly used for reverse osmosis. electrodialysis, ion exchange as well as softening and demineralization system pretreatment and can also be used as coarse filtration of industry water supplying with undemanding water quality, circulating cooling water, reuse water treatment of wastewater and recycled water, etc.
1. Chlorine Removal: Activated carbon may be used to remove chlorine with little degradation or damage to the carbon. Dechlorination occurs rapidly and flow rates are typically high. However, this process requires an extensive amount of surface area, and organics in the water will eventually fill up and block the pores of the carbon. Ultimately, the AC filter will need to be replaced as its ability to dechlorinate the water will slowly decline. Spent carbon can be re-activated; however, re-activated filters should only be used in waste-water treatment applications. One advantage to using AC is its low operating cost and virtual "fail safe" operation once installed. One disadvantage is that as the chlorine is removed from the topmost layer of the media, the AC provides a damp environment ideal for the growth and proliferation of bacteria. Bacteria can cause problems in medical applications, or when using carbon as a pretreatment to reverse osmosis.
2. Removal of Organic Matter: As water passes through an activated carbon filter, organic particles and chemicals are trapped inside through a process known "adsorption".
The adsorption process depends upon 5 key factors:
a.physical properties of the activated carbon (surface area and pore size distribution);
b.the chemical makeup of the carbon source (amount of hydrogen and oxygen);
c.the chemical makeup and concentration of the contaminant;
d.water pH and temperature;
Active carbon filter can be controlled by manual or automatic type to start,wash,backwash,stop and other operations.
When pressure difference between water inlet and outlet reach 0.05--0.07 Mpa,backwashing must be started, the replacement period for activated carbon material is every half a year or one year.
Active carbon material is nutshell carbon,it is light weight,big holes,strong abrasion resistance and strong absorption,the filling height is:
actived carbon material: 0.6-1.2mm 1100mm, ---top layer
quartz sand material 0.6-1.2mm 100mm,---middle layer
quartz sand material 1.2-2.0mm 100mm,----bottom layer
Technical parameters sheet for Mechanical actived carbon filter
Self-source backwash is achieved by using the filtered raw water from two (2) or three (3) of the filtered cell and diverting over to the remaining cell. All cells are backwashed in sequence. The filtration process will continue while in the backwash cycle so the system is not "down" while backwashing. An independent backwash water supply is not required. Self-source system typically three or four filters to allow enough flow to reach 12-15 gpm/ft2 of filter bed surface back wash flow rate. During these periods (which typically last for several minutes per filter), the amount of filtered effluent flowing downstream of the filter is reduced or stopped completely by the amount of water required for backwashing, although the process flow into the system continues to while backwashing. It is easy to operate and maintain and a pressure sensor, timer or manual initiation can be used to initiate the backwash cycle.
model |
Filter diameter |
Total height |
water inlet-outlet |
capacity |
Active carbon material |
| mm |
mm |
mm |
m³/hour |
ton |
| YL-ACF-500 |
500 |
2350 |
DN32 |
2 |
0.11 |
| YL-ACF-600 |
600 |
2380 |
DN32 |
3 |
0.16 |
| YL-ACF-700 |
700 |
2400 |
DN40 |
4 |
0.22 |
| YL-ACF-800 |
800 |
2400 |
DN40 |
5 |
0.3 |
| YL-ACF-900 |
900 |
2500 |
DN50 |
6 |
0.36 |
| YL-ACF-1000 |
1000 |
2600 |
DN50 |
8 |
0.45 |
| YL-ACF-1200 |
1200 |
2700 |
DN65 |
11 |
0.65 |
| YL-ACF-1400 |
1400 |
2800 |
DN65 |
15 |
0.86 |
| YL-ACF-1500 |
1500 |
2850 |
DN65 |
18 |
1 |
| YL-ACF-1600 |
1600 |
2900 |
DN80 |
20 |
1.2 |
| YL-ACF-1800 |
1800 |
3000 |
DN80 |
25 |
1.5 |
| YL-ACF-2000 |
2000 |
3100 |
DN100 |
30 |
1.8 |
| YL-ACF-2200 |
2200 |
3180 |
DN100 |
38 |
2.2 |
| YL-ACF-2400 |
2400 |
3330 |
DN100 |
45 |
2.5 |
| YL-ACF-2500 |
2500 |
3380 |
DN100 |
50 |
2.8 |
| YL-ACF-2600 |
2600 |
3430 |
DN125 |
55 |
3 |
| YL-ACF-2800 |
2800 |
3530 |
DN125 |
60 |
3.5 |
| YL-ACF-3000 |
3000 |
3630 |
DN125 |
70-80 |
4 |
| YL-ACF-3200 |
3200 |
3730 |
DN150 |
80-100 |
4.5 |
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